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Today’s topic is skin cancer skin cancer is a type of cancer arising from the skin it mostly develops in the area of the skin that is exposed to the sun but it can also form on areas of skin not ordinarily exposed to sunlight there are three major types of skin cancer basal cell skin cancer or bcc squamous cell skin cancer or scc and melanoma the first two along
With some other less common skin cancers are known as non-melanoma skin cancer or nmsc basal cell skin cancer usually develops in the sun exposed areas of the body such as the neck and face this type grows slowly and can damage the tissue around it but it’s unlikely to spread to distant areas or become life-threatening it is the most common resulting in about
Eighty percent of non-melanoma skin cancer squamous cell cancer also usually occurs in sun exposed areas of the body such as the face hands and ears this type is more likely to spread people having dark skin shade are more likely to develop this type in areas that aren’t often exposed to the sun it is the second most common resulting in about 20 percent of all
Non-melanoma skin cancer basal and squamous cancer rarely result in death melanomas are the most aggressive this type can develop anywhere on the body and develops from melanocytes the cells that give skin the normal color and they can also develop in existing benign moles that become cancerous in men they are likely to develop on the face chest and back in
Women they are likely to develop on the lower legs melanomas can be cured if detected and treated early and can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated melanomas may eventually lead to death melanomas are the least frequent of the three common skin cancers in 2012 melanoma occurred in 232 000 people and resulted in 55 000 deaths worldwide white people
In south africa new zealand and australia have the highest rates of melanoma in the world causes the primary environmental cause of skin cancer is ultraviolet radiation from sun exposure sun exposure doesn’t really explain skin cancers that develop on skin not exposed to sunlight this suggests that there are other factors that may contribute to the development of
Skin cancer such as smoking tobacco hpv infections this increases the risk of squamous cell skin cancer ionizing radiation such as x-rays artificial uv found in tanning beds the world health organization now places people who use artificial tanning beds in its highest risk category for skin cancer use of any immunosuppressive medications such as cyclosporine
A calcinurin inhibitor and azothioprine increase the risk some genetics syndrome including congenital melasonitic nibi syndrome other factors that may increase the risk of developing skin cancer fair skin a history of sunburns excessive exposure to the sun moles sunny or high altitude climates a family history of skin cancer a weakened immune system exposure
To radiation and other substances such as arsenic symptoms painless raised area of skin that may appear shiny with blood vessels running over it hard lump with a scaly top a mold that has changed in size color has irregular edges has more than one color itches or bleeds dark lesions on the palms soles fingertips or toes a flat flesh colored or brown scar-like
Lesion diagnosis and treatment during diagnosis the doctor will examine your skin to determine whether changes on your skin are likely to be skin cancer skin biopsy where suspicious looking skin are removed to be tested in the lab this can determine if you have skin cancer and also the type of skin cancer that you have the stages of the cancer are determined based
On how far cancer has spread this will help the doctor to determine the best treatment option tests such as imaging tests may be used non-melanoma skin cancer stages range from stage 0 where the cancer is still confined to the epidermis to stage 4 where cancer has spread beyond the primary tumor site to the lymph nodes and bone or tissue and the cancer is larger
Than three centimeters melanoma stages range from stage 0 where the cancer is confined to the epidermis to stage 4 where cancer has metastasized from the original site to the lymph nodes organs and other tissues in the body treatment treatment options depend on the size type depth and location of the lesions if the cancer is small and limited to the surface of
The skin removing the cancerous growth through skin biopsy may be the only treatment required if additional treatment is needed options are freezing with liquid nitrogen or cryosurgery excisional surgery mode surgery for larger recurring or hard to treat skin cancer chemotherapy radiation therapy photodynamic therapy that uses laser lights and drugs to destroy
Cancerous cells heritage and electrodesication biologic immunotherapy for melanomas biologic immunotherapy agents such as epileum pembrolizumab and nivolumab and nivolumab thank you for watching our video please do not forget to like and share the video also please subscribe to the channel to stay updated on our latest videos
Transcribed from video
Skin Cancer, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment. By Medical Centric
