Hello everyone and welcome back to easy to industry hope you all are really doing good today we are back with another important lecture from pharmacology that is all the topic immunosuppressant drugs but if you are new to the channel first subscribe to us right now and also put on the notification pail so that whenever we upload a new lecture you get a notification of
It also all the knowledge on easy dentistry is absolutely free of any cost so you just have to do one thing that is subscribe to our channel and keep your knowledge updated so let’s begin with today’s lecture what our immunosuppressant drugs these are the drugs which inhibit cellular human or but the cellular and humoral response so these are the drugs which inhibit
Either the cellular immune response or the humoral immune response or both of them so what is the use of such drugs the immunosuppressant drugs are mainly used when organ transplantation is done so because you know when organ transplantation is done suppression of the immunity of the patient is necessary so that the organ is accepted by the body so immunosuppressant
Are drugs the drugs are used when organ transplantation instant and these drugs are also useful in autoimmune diseases now let us study the classification of the most suppressant drugs easy to remember a mnemonic for the classes of immunosuppressant drugs is caring to patient brings gratitude now let us see how to use this mnemonic caring for calcineurin inhibitors
– For mtor inhibitors patient is for antiproliferative drugs brings is for biological agents and gratitude is for glucocorticoids first the calcineurin inhibitors let us study them the calcineurin inhibitors include the cyclosporine and tacrolimus now this cyclosporine is a cyclic polypeptide and it is highly reactive immunosuppressant agent and it has shown marked
Success in organ transplantation cyclosporine selectively inhibits 30 lymphocyte proliferation and inhibits the interleukin 2 and other cytokine production and it reduces the response of the inducer t cells to interleukin 1 now these cyclosporine enters the target cells and it binds to the site clove filling which is a protein present inside the target cell now
This complex formed by cyclosporine and cyclo filling it in activates the calcium urine inside the cell this inactivation of the calcium urine results in failure in the response of helper t cells to antigenic stimulation there is failure in the antigenic stimulation resulting into t cell proliferation and production of killer lymphocytes now the cyclosporine it
Selectively suppresses the cell mediated immunity and it prevents graft rejection in our patient the adverse effects of using cyclosporine is that it reduces the liver function it causes hyperplasia of gums so this is our dental consideration while using cyclosporine it results in increased pressure and diabetes in the patient and use of cyclosporine also sets
In the opportunistic infections in the patient now the uses of cyclosporine it is the drug of choice to prevent graft rejection and it is the second line drug used in autoimmune diseases now the second kind of of these sorry the second type of calcineurin inhibitors is that tacrolimus which is 100 times more potent than cyclosporine and it also does not cause any
Gum hyperplasia the second group of the immunosuppressant drugs are the mtor inhibitors which includes zero lemus now the co animus is a new and more potent drug and it is a macrolide antibiotic known as rapamycin now this zero lemus it binds to fk bp and this complex formed by zero limits and fk bp it inhibits the mtor so this inhibition of the enter mtor results
In interruption of signaling pathway of t cell proliferation now cyril cyril m assorted stents are also used which reduces the restenosis also it does not cause gum hyperplasia and nephrotoxicity the third group of immunosuppressant drugs are the antiproliferative drugs which include azathioprine methotrexate cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate methyl xanthine
Is a marked immunosuppressant which is selectively up taken by the immune cells and converted into six small cap dope urine and this six mocap dope urine it effects the differentiation and function of t cells users of azathioprine is to prevent the rain and other craft rejection it is used in ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate it reduces
The cytokine production and it also reduces the cellular immunity it has a mark anti-inflammatory action and it is the first line drug for rheumatoid arthritis psoriasis pemphigus and mice tinea gravis cyclophosphamide is another kind of antiproliferative drug which has marked effect on the b cells and on the humoral immunity the uses of cyclophosphamide are
In bone marrow transplantation in pemphigus systemic lupus erythematosus and thrombocytopenia the fall group of an immunosuppressant drugs are the biological agents these biological agents are bio technologically produced recombinant proteins or monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies now these biological agents are directed against the cytokines or the lymphocyte
Surface antigens the biological agents which are used for immunosuppression are eternal recept and i kindra that lisa map bureau map cd3 and anti thymocyte globulin the mechanism of action of attorney receptor the tumor necrosis factor receptor binds with immunoglobulin g 1 2 and really neutralizes the tnf alpha or tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta enzymes
This neutralization of tnf alpha and tnf beta causes inflammation in the patient now it an recept it blocks this inflammatory action and thus helps in immuno separation now the fourth group of the immunosuppressant drugs are the glue kocher corticoids which are also very potent inflammatory and immunosuppressant drugs these inhibit the mhc compression and it also
Inhibits the t cell proliferation these two have marked effect on cell mediated immunity now corticosteroids and cyclosporine they are together used in urban transplantation and they are used in cvo or to immune diseases the adverse effects of the glucocorticoids includes increased risk of opportunistic infections and development of lymphoma and related malignancies
So next lecture will be on the antimicrobial drugs please subscribe to our channel till then happy studying
Transcribed from video
Immunosuppressants By Dr Pranali Satpute
