What is hypercalcemia, and what are the key concepts the NCLEX wants RN nursing students and LPN students to know about fluid and electrolyte imbalances?
Today we’re wrapping up hypercalcemia hyper meaning high cal meaning calcium and emia in the blood calcium more than ten point five in the blood now calcium is a strong guy and so his function is to keep the three be strong so strong bones blood and beats for blood the clotting factors will be strong and beats we’re talking about heart beats calcium is regulated
By three main hormones first the parathyroid hormone which increases calcium concentration inside the blood next is calcitonin hormone which decreases blood calcium and puts a ton of calcium into the bone third is calcitriol which controls blood calcium by inhibiting the release of calcitonin basically it reverses that ton of calcium in the bone so calcium gets
Released into the bloodstream now here’s a little fun fact about calcium his bff his best friend forever is magnum magnesium so calcium helps fill job functions for magnesium often when magnesium is low his worst enemy is friendly frat boy phosphate so you’ll often see when phosphate is low calcium is high and when calcium is low phosphates high so what are the
Main causes that keep high calcium in the body and not in the potty well we use our nifty acronym ham because kaka calcium is going all ham in the gym making your body swollen and slow so h is for hyperparathyroidism remember parathyroid increases calcium concentrations in the blood a is for anti acids containing calcium like tums usually given for heartburn
M stands for malignant cancer cells which release excess calcium into the body hmm didn’t know that one also don’t forget about low phosphate as well because everytime phosphate is low calcium is high now what’s going on in hypercalcemia well high high calcium right so cocky calcium is making your bodies so swollen and slow and since cocky calcium makes the
Three be strong bones blood and beats well that these will be slow and swollen as well so the hearts gonna be swollen and slow vital signs you’ll have decreased heart rate decreased respiratory rate and decreased blood pressure ekg we’ll have heart blocks shortened qt waves and wide t waves also contraction of the heart muscles vitamin that you said qt babe
What the man basically your heart is way too swollen and super flexed and contracted like a big old cramp so the lungs are swollen and slow as well you’ll have shortness of breath and weak respirations gi also swollen and slow constipation will set in also nausea and vomiting because your body’s trying to get rid of that extra calcium as far as gu our urinary
System you’ll have big fat kidney stones also called renal calculi big nclex tip right there neurologically the brain will be swollen and slow basically a lot of strain on the brain so loss of consciousness a loc or altered level of consciousness as well as decreased deep tendon reflexes dtrs now the muscles will be swollen and slow so decreased excitability
And muscles and nerves now a severe sign will lead into muscle weakness or means soul swollen and so contracted now a big nclex tip is bone pain because in most cases this excess calcium in the blood was taken out of the bones which weakens them so now that we know what’s wrong with the patient what are we gonna do about it so we use the acronym of slimfast
For our nursing interventions for high calcium hypercalcemia so s we have safety from falls are basically fall precautions l stands for lasix known as furosemide our loop diuretics it will excrete electrolytes like mainly potassium but it also excretes calcium to is for iv phosphates remember his worst enemy will decrease calcium when phosphate is high m is for
Monitor ekgs the eyes and o’s input an output as well as kidney stones f is for fluids like normal saline which will dilute the blood and will decrease the chance of renal stone formation a is for avoid high calcium foods we use the acronym lsd so l for leafy greens like spinach colored greens and even rubin s is for sardines and tofu and d is for dairy products
Like cheese milks and yogurt now s is for serious case we use dialysis basically our kidney machine to wash out that excess calcium from the blood t is treatment with calcium reabsorption inhibitors remember that calcitonin which puts a ton of calcium into the bones well it takes it from the blood stream will also give by phosphates because again guys whenever
Phosphate is high it decreases calcium also prostaglandin inhibitors like aspirin or nsaids like ibuprofen will also decrease calcium in the blood alright guys that wraps up hypercalcemia high calcium in the bond thanks for watching for our full video and new quiz bank click right up here to access your free trial and please consider subscribing to our youtube
Channel last but not least a big thanks to our team of experts helping us make these great videos alright guys see you next time
Transcribed from video
Electrolyte Imbalances | Hypercalcemia (High Calcium) By Simple Nursing
