🩹 Dermatology Course:
Welcome back in this video we’ll talk about the anti-diabetic drugs of the class sodium glucose co-transporter inhibitors these are the medications ending with the supplex glyphosate and they’re used to treat type 2 diabetes almost all glucose reaching the kidneys is filtered and it passes into the renal tubules where it should be eventually excreted in urine
However there is a receptor in the proximal convoluted tubules called the sodium glucose co-transporter this receptor reabsorbs sodium and glucose together that’s why it’s called co-transporter it’s responsible for the reabsorption of about 90 of glucose and it has a threshold of about 200 which means that anything more than 200 will be excreted in urine for
Example if sugar level was 250 200 will be reabsorbed by this transporter and 50 will be filtered in the urine anti-diabetic drug of this class like cannagliflozin work by inhibiting this transporter which results in excessive glucose loss in the urine this of course makes the patient prone to utis as bacteria thrive on sugar and because the receptor is also
Responsible for sodium reabsorption the patient will be severely dehydrated as the presence of sodium and glucose inside the tubules pulls water into the lumen by osmosis so side effects wise we have obviously glucose urea and utis vaginal yeast infections hyperkalemia dehydration which commonly results in orthostatic hypotension and weight loss keep in mind that
The weight loss is a result of water loss not fat tissue loss sodium glucose co-transporter inhibitors along with glp-1 analogs are the only anti-diabetic medications with positive effects on the heart so they are cardio protective one of the most important side effects of this drug is ketoacidosis this is significantly higher in patients with renal insufficiency
So the drug is contraindicated in any patient with renal failure or any patient with history of dka and here’s a small quiz for you which of the following anti-diabetic medications is also known to cause weight loss all right guys that’s all i have hopefully this helps and thank you so much for watching
Transcribed from video
Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin, and Empagliflozin – Sodium Glucose Cotransporter Inhibitors By USMLE pass
