History of calcium channel blockers in the you 982 1037 vicina also known as avenues ena had used a herbal drug known as taxus baccata as a cardiac remedy the leaves of the taxus baccata 20 in al-qaeda mixture later the drug war study and actually it possessed calcium channel blocker activity therefore from the facts today it shows that this type of job had existed
Long time ago and it was found by an islamic scholar then in the early 1960s the calcium channel blockers was discovered from pharmacological study of strain coronary dilators this project was included in a programme of pharmacological taxonomy which was initiated in god frames laboratory in the year 1964 the aim of the project was to address qualitative and
Quantitative properties of drug either under screening or already distributed for medical use the media basis of this programme was the paper published by allen oksana and style in the year 1959 which now recognized as this child pod basically this job provided essentials of quantitative procedure which allow the definition of action of antagonists and estimate of
The dissociation constant later in the year 1967 gilina in shaba had examined the action of a series of diphenyl metal papers ends uncontracted coronary arteries in a doc as for clinical studies the dhokla zine had been selected for patient with angina pectoris besides that got feeling others researchers studied the pharmacological action of lido flossing on the
Isolated ileum of the gena feet which was stimulated by angiotensin in other agonist therefore from the studies it shows that needle flossing behave as a calcium channel blockers later many drugs were also discovered for its antagonist behavior on calcium channel c cb comprised of three chemical group wis verapamil is the only drug in this group it bind to the
V binding site ii benzodiazepine diltiazem bind to the deep binding site in the l-type calcium ion channel take the hydro pyridine the protected agent is nifedipine the first-generation bind to the n binding site amlodipine is considered at the generation of the hydro pyridine which bind to the l-type calcium ion channel c cb plus voltage sensitive l-type calcium
Ion channel by binding to specific site of the alpha-1 subunit it prevent the entry of calcium ion into the cell no excitation and coupling reaction in the high-end vascular smooth muscle cause the relaxation of a trail smooth muscle and silicon reduction in after load it caused coronary vasodilation it may also slow the heart rate relief chest pressure and control
And irregular heartbeat issues selectivity of calcium channel puckers characteristic of the drop electrophysiological studies of various compound considered a drug potency on l and t top of the calcium channel saturn properties of tissue and characteristic of the stimuli focus on some characteristic of the selectivity of the ccb in the cardiovascular system tissue
Selectivity is used for an agent showing varying degree of potency between the tissues ccb is the first line and t hypertensive truck and the onset of antihypertensive is quick calcium ion channel consists of five subtype which are l and t p and are l-type calcium ion channel in molecules in the intention of producing a charge of comparable pharmacology profile 2015
But we improve bioavailability and long duration of action there are basically two ones into the dihydropyridine ferrous already been they were potent calcium antagonist really desired from a kinetic formulations of amlodipine formulations of amlodipine male content with different salts such as basically mesylate for many results are considered interchangeably and
The strength of the dosage form is determined in terms of the very molecules that is am lally pain and relief in bacilli is the most commonly used type of amlodipine which is used for the preparation of his various dosage forms the source of amlodipine are known to affect the physical chemical properties of the job as the bacillus salt is known to have a better
Water solubility then there and relief in alone in vitro efficacy testing studies on both outer and doctrinal indicated that and what if in was a competitive antibodies hello ligand binding experiments designed to characterize the interactions of emily pain with calcium channel binding sites in woven green and in cardiac membranes from dog and we’ll show that
I’m ready p interest competitively and at high affinity with david i had a pilot recognition sites other than that a little bit illogical experiments conducted using isolated popularly muscles from genetic hearts confirm that and religion was a highly selective consent besides the establish was performed to evaluate the ability of amlodipine and its enantiomer to
Release nitric oxide in isolated culinary mecca vessels and to a great tissue oxygen consumption via energy released it was found out that i’m repeat and it’s our formulas natural site depending on the concentration and reduced oxygen consumption in canaan cardiac tissues while no effect was observed by the s form at any concentration in vivo if we can see that
This found a amlodipine produce those related reduction in blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive read after our ms russian beside the amlodipine can maintain drop plasma level up to 72 hour with any first pass effect when we admit rate the using transdermal patch and become another alternative to tree hypertension moreover in consequence renal hypertensive
Or remonstration of single dose of amlodipine produce those related reduction in blood pressure the maximum effect was observed at five hour after those indicating the slow onset of em load gp last panelist regarding in vivo advocacy day is still a research and innovation of amlodipine drop for effective treatment of various disease for clinical safety for clinical
Data showed that there are no special has the cost by mu dp for human in repeated dose toxicity general toxicity and casino gymnic potential beside that the remedy be treated with emerald ep entire for two years not even show any evidence of carcinogenicity however delay onset operation and promulgation of contracture were not already exposed to amlodipine as the
Use of emma depend for pregnant woman and during the patient should be avoided although there are still no that that shows the dangerous of amlodipine europe pregnancy the phase 3 clinical trial for emotive ambassador and dr. horowitz male and female patients aged 18 to 75 new school having uncomplicated mild to moderate hypertension not visit any high potential
Drug in two weeks before the rendered trial and having sitting nastily blood pressure test id bp equal to ninety two less than 110 millimeter mercury was eligible for this random clinical trial ninety four patients treated included in intent to treat itt analysis and eighty one of ninety four patients were included in both vertical pp analyzes the patient will
Given five milligram of ammo deep in vasiliy every morning once a day for the first four weeks if either the blood pressure was more than or equal to 140 over more than or equal to 90 millimeter mercury or as ida lupino decreased by more than or equal to ten millimeter mercury after the vast forests the dose was increased to ten milligram once a day the reason
For the clinical trial is the mean sitting systolic blood pressure si s dp and si dvp significantly decrease from the baseline it liquids from one hundred and forty six point lead over ninety six point seven millimeter mercury to 128 over eighty three five eight millimeter mercury the most common areas if i work dizziness and desna and it affects only one out of
The nine spot now we will only drop manufacturing in large production in all the search form the most preferable form is tablets and it is commercially available in one’s daily doses of 5 milligram and 10 milligram here are some of the great names in tablet form which are new law in northwest the manufacturer usually using direct compression method because it is
Simple tipper and faster this method involves only two operations in sequence the first one is powder mixing and second one is double manufacturing for the foundation the active ingredient is american missile and incidents are microcrystalline cellulose as compressible edging that was in hydrants as filler to help increase the size of tablet sodium starts quietly
And caused caramelized sodium as supra disintegrates a man is a mysterious lubricant which prevent ingredient states to manufacturing equipment during contraction process to convert when you into tablets and this is how the embody pin beside each other is pretties and then the tablets undergo qc test average tablet weight was determined by weighing some of
The tablets individually by means of an analytical balance for a variation test for thickness does some of the tablets were taken indebtedness was determined individually by means of vernier caliper the tablet must undergo hardness tests to determine the endurance of the tablets for storage transportation and handling before you see friability test is important to
Analyze the tendency of tablets to crumble or break once compressed and lastly the tablet must undergo this integration test to ensure good bioavailability by having a lesser disintegration time by controlling the ph level and temperature energy for several adverse effects to come it can cause a severe education the symptoms of allergy reaction of immunity
Are trouble breathing swelling after all time type all new svt kalia it is an itchy crisp wells that are found on the skin they are usually late high rates of edema the centers of edema that caused by conception and worker like everything is occur when the american is reducing the a corolla resisting echoes and mesh in the venous circulation this disproportionate
Change in resistance will increase the hydrostatic pressures in the pre capillary circulation and permits weight shifts into the interstitial compartment this cousin trainable correlated edema usually occur in women there are numbers of strategies exists to treat calcium channel blocker related edema the first one is conversion from a dihydropyridine calcium channel
Blocker to the nun dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker nun dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker tend to be less potent vasodilator stand i hydro pyridine calcium channel blocker test under hydro pyridine calcium channel such as verapamil and diltiazem are less likely associated with peripheral edema the second one is used a we know deleted trucks such as
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors angel tensing receptor blocker and all they treat as the means to reduce the venous hypertension addition of an east inhibitors or an arb to a regimen of calcium channel blockers mono therapy reduce the pressure within the capillary bed thereby reduce the formation of edema the next strategy to treat a calcium channel blocker
Related edema is by reduction loss of calcium channel blocker itself lastly the calcium channel blocker may need to be stopped if the management strategy outlined before field issues on calcium channel blocker your suitability is the first line drugs in while hypertension and appropriateness in certain patients are the problems the questions relief mainly to the
Three hydro parody subgroup which includes short acting and long acting developing the short acting with philippine preparations were the first to achieve clinical popularity after short acting the philippine was released it was found to provoke angina and myocardial infarction however series of studies revealed that patients who take calcium channel blocker had
Higher risk of myocardial infarction in a meta-analysis of earned my struggles show that patients who had been treated with developing and having acute myocardial infraction or unstable angina were and higher rates of death meanwhile subgroup analysis showed that the risk of adverse effect confined to patients and received doses of more than 60 milligrams per day
Other studies described the higher risk of cancer suicide and in gastrointestinal hemorrhage among the users of calcium channel blocker however the association really clicked so far is relatively weak and inconsistent in the large randomized trials of new a calcium channel blocker delay acting drug new trendy pink reduce the incidence of stroke meanwhile appropriate
That pressure control in diabetes or obesity trials that compared me so deeply and enalapril was stopped because of process of myocardial infarction among the patients however it was unclear whether if there was an adverse effect of calcium channel blocker or the beneficial effects of an electric insert the data provide evidence that harmful without made available
If short in developing in higher so for the initial management of hypertension of patients with diabetes
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CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS (AMLODIPINE) By B54-NUR ADLINA
