Antianginal Drugs (Made easy) Part-2 | Cardiac Pharmacology | Angina Pectoris |
Hello everyone i am welcoming you to the medical and pharmacy crash course division in the knowledge club online at previous episode we learned about types of antenna classification of anti-anginal drugs with their general mechanism of actions detailed pharmacological study of organic natural drugs right the link of this episode you will get at description box
Of this video today i will discuss on rest of the part of anti-anginal drugs means beta blocking agents calcium channel blocking agents and some new type of drugs using for anti-aging treatment no more about the drugs in this episode stay tuned up to the end don’t skip the lecture if you skin you can miss our valuable points in between lecture so i am going to
Start today’s episode so let’s start now come to the point the second type of anti-angina drug that is beta-adrenoceptor antagonist or beta-blocking agents or drugs although they are not virtual residentials with the exception of carved elon and navy navy volar bitter blocking drugs are extremely useful in the management of effort antenna and are considered
First time drugs in chronic effort antenna the beneficial effects of beta blocking agents are related to their hemodynamic effects deepest heart rate blood pressure and contractility which decrease myocardial oxygen requirement at rest and during exercise lower heart rate is also associated with an increase in diastolic perfusion time that may increase coronary
Perfusion however reduction of heart rate and blood pressure and consequently decreased microbial oxygen consumption appear to be the most important mechanisms for relief of antenna and improved exercise tolerance beta blockers may also be valuable in treating silent or ambulatory ischemia because this condition causes no pain it is usually detected by the
Appearance of typical electrocardiographic science of machemia the total amount of history time per day is reduced by long term therapy with a bitter blocker beta-blocking agents difference mortality of patients with heart failure or recent myocardial infarction and improves surgical and prevents stroke in patients with hypertension beta abdominal antibodies
Decrease heart rate blood pressure and contractility resulting in decreased myocardial oxygen requirement combined therapy with nitrates is often preferred in the treatment of angina factories because of the decreased adverse effects of both physics beta agronomist are contraindicated in the presence of bradycardia av block and asthma unreasonable effects of
Beta-blocking agents in antenna induce include and increase in any diastolic volume and increase in ejection time both of which tend to increase myocardial oxygen requirement third type of anti-anginal drug is the calcium channel blocking agent it has been known since the late 18th centuries that transmembrane calcium influx is necessary for the contraction of
Smooth and cardiac muscle the discovery of cancer channel in cardiac muscle was followed by the finding of several different types of calcium channels in different tissues what is the mechanism of action or pharmacodynamics the voltage m-type is the dominant type of calcium channel in cardiac and smooth muscle and it is known to contain several drug receptors
It consists of alpha one the larger pore forming subunit alpha 2 beta gamma delta subunit 4 variants alpha 1 subnets have been recognized nephitipine and other dihydropyridines have been demonstrated to bind to one side on the alpha one subunit whereas variable and decreasing appear to bind to close related but not identical receptor in another region of the
Same subunit binding of a drug to the variable or diffusion receptors allosterically affects dihydropyogene binding these receptors regions are stereo selective since most differences in both stereoisomer binding affinity and pharmacologic potency are observed for enantiomers of variable lithium and optically active negative continuous the drugs act from the
Inner side of the membrane and bind more effectively to open channels and inactivated channels binding of the drug reduces the frequency of opening in response to depolarization the result is a marked decrease in transmembrane calcium current which is smooth muscle results in long lasting relaxation and in cardiac muscle results in reduction in contracting
Throughout the heart and decreases in sinus node specimen rate and actual ventricular mode conduction velocity although some neural cells however l-type calcium channels their sensitivity to these drugs is lower because the channels in this cell spend less time in the open and inaccurate state calcium channel blocking agents produce a blockage of l-type
Means slow calcium channels which decreases contractile force and oxygen requirements agents cause coronary vasodilation and ridic of spasm they also direct peripheral vasculature and decrease cardia afterward form of kinetic properties calcium channel blocking agents can be administered orally when administered intravenously they are effective within minutes
These drugs are useful for both variant and chronic stable antenna and are also used in instances where nitrates are inactivated or ineffective or when beta adrenal receptor antigonist are contraindicated several lipids are not increases these drugs produce hypotension and edema is a common adverse effect some selective drugs number one firearm variable produces
Slowed conduction through the av node predominant effect this may be an unwanted effect in some situations especially in the treatment of hypertension variable may produce a few block when used in combination with bitter adenosine antagonist the toxic effects of viral women include myocardial depression cardiac failure and edema variable also has peripheral
Vasodilating effects that can reduce afterload and blood pressure the peripheral effects of variable can produce headache reflex tachycardia and fluid retention number two type of drug nepheline is studying nissan dipping and knee curtain these dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers have predominant actions in the peripheral vasculature they decrease
Afterload and to a lesser extent preload and lower blood pressure these drugs have significantly less direct effect on the heart than via women number three dtsm denuclearism uh benzothiazepine is intermediate in properties between varapamil and the dihydropythm is used to treat variant antenna either naturally occurring or drug induced unstable antenna
Number four divided by dipole dummy is a non-nitrite coronary facilitator that interferes with uptake of the vasodilator adenosine it potentiates the effect of pgi 2 and diets resistance vessels and in this platelet aggregation dipole may be used for prophylaxis of angina factories but the efficacy of these drugs is not fruit dipole dermal produces adverse
Effects that include the oceaning of angina dizziness and headache toxicity of the calcium channel blocking agent the most important toxic effects reported for calcium channel blockers are direct extensions of therapeutic action excessive inhibition of calcium implants can cause serious cardiac depression including bradycardia atrial ventricular block cardiac
Arrest and at last heart failure these effects have been rare in clinical use retrospective case control studies reported that immediate acting nephron increases the risk of myocardial infarction in patients with hypertension slow release and long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are usually well tolerated however dihydropyridines compared with
Angiotensin converting enzymes ace inhibitors have been reported to increase the risk of adverse cardiac events in patients with hypertension with or without diabetes these results suggest that relatively short acting calcium channel blockers such as prompt release nephilipine have the potential to enhance the risk of adverse cardiac events and should be avoided
Now i will discuss about the some newer and the antenna drugs because of the high prevalence of angina new drugs are actively short for its treatment some of the drugs are drug brews currently under investigation number one ramon lozen appears to act by reducing our lead sodium current ina that facilitates calcium entry via the sodium calcium exchanger the
Reduction in intracellular calcium concentration that results from randomizing reduces diastolic tension cardiac contractility and reverb randomizing is approved for use in antenna cellular studies demonstrate its effectiveness in stable antenna but it does not reduce the incidence of death in acute pulmonary syndromes regulation prolongs the acute intervals
In patients with coronary artery disease but shortening it in patients with long duty syndrome lqt3 it has not been associated with torsos d points arithmea and may include the metabolism of digoxin and sympathetic certain metabolic modulators are known as p fox inhibitor because they partially eliminate the fatty acid oxidation pathway in myopia because
Metabolism shifts to oxidation of fatty acids in histamine myocardium the oxygen requirement per unit of atp produced increases partial inhibition on the enzyme required for fatty acid oxidation long chain three ketoacid thyroidis lc3 t appears to improve the metabolic status of issuing tissue revenues was initially assigned to this group of agents but
It lacks this action and clinically relevant concentrations number three type of drugs is the hexylim was found to benefit some patients with engineering decades ago but was abundant because of the report of hepatotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy however pharmacokinetic studies suggested that toxicity was due to variable clearance of a drug with extremely
High plasma concentrations in patients so-called variability of drugs relatively selective if sodium channel blockers that is that if our brain reduce cardiac rate by inhibiting the hyperpolarization activated sodium channel in the cyto-actual mode no other significant hemodynamic effects have been reported incorporated appears to reduce anginal address with
An apkc similar to that of calcium channel blocker and beta blocker and last type of agent that is allopurinol represents another type of metabolic modifiers aloe vera inhibits xanthine oxidase and enzyme that contributes to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in addition to reducing uric acid synthesis its mechanism of action in gut studies suggest
That high dose aloe vera that means the 60 600 mt per day products exercise time in patients with atherosclerotic angina so we completed about the study of anti-antennal drug vasodilator nitrate nitrite calcium channel blocker beta blocker in pharmacological relevance i think it’s very easy to understand right now rivers are all episodes on heart thoroughly i
Made it step by step accordingly via the all previous episodes list on heart anatomy and physiology you will get all links at discussion part of this video or you can visit our channel this is the first chapter of pharmacology of heart series next day i will come with another cardio pharmacology chapter anti-arithmetic agents or trucks before into this episode
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Antianginal Drugs (Made easy) Part-2 | Cardiac Pharmacology | Angina Pectoris | By Knowledge Club Online
